Everything about Mathias Zdarsky totally explained
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Mathias Zdarsky (born
25 February1856 in near
Třebíč District of
Austria, present Czechia; died
20 June1940 in
St. Pölten,
Austria) was an early ski pioneer and is considered one of the founders of modern
Alpine skiing technique. He was probably Austria's first ski instructor. He was also a teacher, painter and sculptor.
Inspired by Norway's
Fridtjof Nansen's
1888 crossing of
Greenland, he adapted skis for use on alpine terrain. In 1890 he developed a steel binding (the "Lilienfelder Stahlsohlenbindung"), which made steep mountain slopes and gate runs possible. Zdarsky felt the earlier bindings didn't hold the foot firmly enough, and so he designed binding with a strong, sprung, steel sole, which is the basis of modern
ski bindings. As in the earlier
Norwegian skiing, he used only one
ski pole. Unlike today, the skier steered by using their elbows.
In January 1905, Zdarsky demonstrated the first steep downhill descent. To show the superiority of his ski technology, he skied the "Breite Ries" at
Schneeberg, Austria. On
19 March1905 he organized the first
alpine ski race (on the
Muckenkogel via
Lilienfeld, Austria). This had 24 participants. Zdarsky won, making him the first winner of an official ski race. However the event attained little attention beyond ski enthusiasts, so in 1922 the Englishman
Arnold Lunn invented the shorter, but more difficult
slalom race, which had greater appeal.
During his lifetime nobody suspected Zdarsky had created the basis for a popular sport, and he was considered something of an eccentric inventor. During
World War I, he taught mountain troops skiing and advanced
avalanche training. He described his skiing techniques in his book
Die Lilienfelder Skilauf-Technik (
The Lilienfelder Ski Method). First published in 1897, seventeen editions were published up to 1925.
Zdarsky is also thought to be the inventor of the
bivouac sack.
Mount Zdarsky in
Antarctica is named for him.
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